The short-term let scheme aims to ensure consistent safety standards while reinforcing the positive reputation of Scottish tourism and hospitality.
The scheme will give councils flexibility to develop licensing schemes that meet local needs, and sits alongside powers for councils to establish short-term let control areas.
To comply with the licence, hosts will be required to meet a set of mandatory conditions which apply across Scotland, plus any additional conditions set by their council.
Housing Secretary Shona Robison said: "Our new licensing scheme will support responsible operators and give guests the confidence that their short-term let – be it a flat in Edinburgh, a property for a business trip to the Borders, or a cottage in the Highlands – meets the same set of safety standards.
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"These new conditions include measures such as displaying an energy performance rating on listings, or securing valid buildings and public liability insurance. We know the vast majority of short-term lets businesses are already following these safety standards as a matter of best practice, and some are already required by existing legislation.
"We know short-term lets make a positive contribution to Scotland's tourism industry and local economies, and these measures will allow them to continue doing just that while ensuring this is balanced with the needs of local residents and communities.
"The deadline for applications from existing hosts is 01 April, and I would urge all hosts and operators to contact your local authority as early as possible to learn how to apply."
Malcolm Roughead, CEO at VisitScotland, commented: "The small accommodation sector is a key contributor to the economy and our high-quality and varied offering is one of the things that makes Scotland such a special destination.
"Through an Industry Advisory Group, we've been working closely with representatives from across the sector ahead of introduction of the licensing schemes.
"We'll continue to give both new and established businesses the right advice to help them through the process of applying for a short-term let licence."
Anyone operating as a host before 01 October has until 01 April 2023 to apply for a licence and can operate until their application has been determined. New hosts must obtain a licence before accepting bookings and welcoming guests to stay.
